解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科，口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学，全科和内科
医学，法律
医学，研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学，核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学，临床
abstract：:Organophosphate poisonings are not uncommon, and are the leading cause of death in suicide patients in Taiwan. Acute cholinergic crisis caused by the inhibition of synaptic acetylcholinesterase is the major manifestation of organophosphate poisoning and may cause death within minutes. Delayed neurotoxicities include i...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0161-813x(01)00044-4
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neurophysiologic effects of chemical agent hydrolysis products were examined on cultured cortical neurons using multielectrode array (MEA) recording and the whole-cell patch clamp technique. Measurement of neuronal network extracellular potentials showed that the primary hydrolysis product of soman, pinacolyl meth...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-813x(01)00028-6
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of repeated exposure (125 ppm) of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) on learning and memory in the rat were investigated. A 16-arm radial arm maze (RAM) was used to examine neurobehavioural functioning in a series of three experiments. Experiment 1 involved training animals on a complex spatial maze task, prior to a ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-813x(01)00016-x
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphorus insecticide that elicits toxicity through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Young animals are markedly more sensitive than adults to the acute toxicity of CPF. We evaluated acetylcholine (ACh) release and its muscarinic receptor-mediated regulation (i.e. muscarinic au...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-813x(00)00009-7
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Faroe Islands study is a prospective study designed to assess the neurological and behavioral consequences of in utero exposure to methylmercury (meHg). Maternal exposure to meHg was through consumption of fish and intermittent higher-level exposure through pilot whale meat, while consumption of pilot whale blubbe...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is widely recognized that prolonged increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) are part of a signaling pathway leading to cell death. ROS production resulting in oxidative stress and disruption of calcium homeostasis leading to increases in [Ca2+]i have been described as ear...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between personality traits and cognitive performance was studied in two groups: men with symptoms and neuropsychological test results compatible with toxic encephalopathy (TE) and demographically similar healthy men (N=57 per group). Personality traits were assessed with the Karolinska Scales of Perso...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this investigation was to develop and apply case definitions of peripheral neuropathy (PN) derived from a set of individual measures of peripheral nerve function obtained in two epidemiological studies. METHODS:In the first study, retired workers of an industrial plant who were either previous...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although toxins exert their impact on a molecular level, they may yield molar effects by affecting areas large enough to be visualized by neuroimaging techniques. Therefore, neuroimaging of the brain may be used to render the macroscopic sequelae of neurotoxins visible. Toxic agents may induce brain edema or atrophy, ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paclitaxel, which is known to induce peripheral neuropathy in humans, was administered to BDF1 mice, and a neuropathological examination was then conducted. Paclitaxel was administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg once or several times at different intervals, 3 times, every 3 hours (q3hx3), every day (q1dx3), every 2 days (q...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) has been shown to enhance 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced striatal dopamine depletion in mice. Surprisingly, although DDC is a prototypic member of a class of compounds called dithiocarbamates (DTCs) that are widely used in industry and agriculture, only one stu...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Methanol intoxication is an uncommon clinical problem leading to profound metabolic acidosis with serious neurological deterioration. We describe methanol induced brain lesions on diffusion-weighted MR images and discuss the pathophysiology of these lesions in light of diffusion changes. CASE REPORT:Brain i...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous specific genetic polymorphisms (PM) in the multi-gene families of cytochromes P450 (CYPs) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) have been described in the human population in the past decade. For example, one or more PM have been identified in human CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2C9, CYP2C18, CYP2D6, and CYP2E1. Recent ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In addition to the long history of disease and death from natural toxicants in plants, there is a growing literature about the abundant levels and varieties of natural toxicants in our foods. These natural chemicals cause mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, neurotoxicity and visceral organ toxicity in routi...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The subchronic neurotoxic effects of isobutanol were studied by exposing Sprague-Dawley rats to isobutanol vapor concentrations of 0, 250, 1000, and 2500 ppm for 6 hrs/day, 5 days/wk, for 3 months. A comprehensive set of neurotoxicity tests (functional observational battery, motor activity, perfusion fixation neuropat...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Treatment of metastatic tumors with ionic platinum compounds is hampered by the potent nephrotoxic, ototoxic and neurotoxic properties of these drugs. Recent studies have shown that sulfur-containing antioxidants relieve the dose limiting side effects of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP), the most commonly used ioni...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trimethylolpropane phosphate (TMPP) is a neuroactive organophosphate generated during partial pyrolysis of a synthetic ester turbine engine lubricant. While TMPP had been shown to have little affinity for acetylcholinesterase, previous binding studies and 6Cl- flux measurements have implicated TMPP as an antagonist of...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous work has demonstrated that continual exposure to 0.2% lead (Pb) beginning at birth diminishes depolarization-induced hippocampal glutamate (GLU) and GABA release in vivo. The present study sought to extend these findings by examining Pb-induced changes as a function of exposure period. Rats were continually e...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Manganese (Mn)-deficiency or Mn-excess can lead to adverse biological consequences. Central nervous system tissues, rich in dopaminergic neurons, are the targets whether the Mn gains entrance by inhalation, oral ingestion, or intravenous administration. Risk assessments with Mn need to ensure that brain concentrations...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1983, Roels et al. (1987a, b) collected blood and urine samples and conducted neurological testing of workers at a manganese oxide and salt producing plant in Belgium, and at a nearby chemical plant. Workers from the manganese plant performed significantly worse than workers from the chemical plant on tests of shor...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Manganese is an element which is required by the human body. However, as with most metals, in large amounts manganese can be toxic. People who suffer from severe manganese intoxication have symptoms similar to those of Parkinson's disease. Preclinical symptoms of manganese intoxication have recently been detected in i...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current approaches to risk assessment regard it as a process that should embody both health and ecological risks, societal values, and cost-benefit analysis, that should seek the views of affected parties, and that should examine available options more holistically than in the past. Even with a single agent, manganese...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental exposure to lead (Pb) has long been associated with reductions in intellectual function in children and behavioral impairments in animal models of learning and memory. We have used long-term potentiation (LTP) in the dentate gyrus of the Pb-exposed rats to determine the potential of a reduced capacity fo...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:n-Butyl acetate, a common industrial solvent, was selected by the US EPA as a chemical of concern for neurotoxicity as part of the Multisubstance Rule for the Testing of Neurotoxicity. The neurotoxic potential of n-butyl acetate was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats using a functional observational battery, motor ac...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pollution of hydrographic basins has affected the flora and fauna that thrive in these aquatic ecosystems, and fish, which constitute an important food resource, often contain a plethora of potentially toxic chemicals. In a major research project on early neurotoxic effects of environmental exposure to manganese among...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurophysiological changes caused by parallel treatment with inorganic lead and dimethoate (a combination of possible health risk at population level) were investigated in different phases of the ontogenesis. Wistar rats were treated by gavage with lead (80.0 or 320.0 mg/kg); with dimethoate (7.0 or 28.0 mg/kg), or wi...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aluminum compounds (Al) increased the membrane potential (Em) and decreased the input resistance (Rin) of identified snail neurons. The neuronal excitability increased after Al withdrawal in the washing period. Cumulative Al applications caused dose-dependent modulation of Em and Rin in most of the studied neurons. Tw...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four elements that have been implicated in free-radical-induced oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease (AD) were measured by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) in seven brain regions from 58 AD patients and 21 control subjects. A statistically significant elevation of iron and zinc was observed in multip...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paclitaxel (Taxol), a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat breast and ovarian tumors, has been reported to induce a predominantly sensory neuropathy. Co-treatment with neurotrophic factors and paclitaxel has been proposed for preventing or reversing paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Prosaposin, the precursor o...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine changes in response to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and kainic acid (KA) in cerebellar granule cells of offspring of lead-exposed mothers, pregnant rats received 0.25% lead acetate in their drinking water 2 days after mating. The control animals were given sodium acetate (0.125%) in their drinking water. T...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neurobehavioral consequences of inhalational exposure to carbon disulfide (CS2) were evaluated as part of a joint project between the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Behavioral changes in rats were measured using a functional observational battery (...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traditionally, gamma-diketone neuropathy is classified as a distal axonopathy and has been characterized by giant axonal swellings in CNS and PNS tissues. These swellings contain neurofilamentous masses and are associated with thinning and retraction of the myelin sheath. It has been proposed that this axonopathy is c...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alterations in cytoskeletal proteins such as the perikaryal accumulation of neurofilaments (NFs) occur in a number of human neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and may contribute to their debilitating effects. The administration of aluminum s...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although it is well known that lead (Pb2+0 acutely blocks voltage-gated calcium currents (VGCCs) in mammalian neurons, little is known about the long-term effects of continuous exposure to this metal on VGCCs. In the present study, the effects of chronic lead exposure on VGCCs (with barium ions as the charge carrier) ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The PCBs are members of the halogenated hydrocarbon class of environmental chemicals that includes the dibenzofurans and dioxins. The PCBs were used over a period of 40 years for number of industrial purposes. Their appearance in the ecosystem and biological samples from wildlife, as well as documented cases of accide...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In aquatic ecosystems, mercury can become methylated and act as a potent environmental toxin, producing developmental and neurotoxic effects in a variety of species, including frogs. Molecular indicators provide a means of assessing exposure to methylmercury and for understanding how it and other environmental toxins ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes the development of the protocol for the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)-sponsored Collaborative Study on Neurobehavioral Screening Methods, including background on the methods and chemicals selected, as well as details concerning the conduct of the collaborative study, including ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The developing neuroendocrine system is thought to be a sensitive target for a number of environmental chemicals. Many of these chemicals act, not by directly damaging macromolecules but through the inappropriate modulation of normal cellular processes that regulate cell growth and differentiation patterns. As our kno...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed an estrogen sensitive reporter gene assay and report here on its responsiveness to steroid hormones and several estrogenic contaminants, including pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), GH4C1 rat pituitary cells were stably transfected with the reported gene ERE-TK-Luc which contains a luci...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensitivity of in-life parameters, biochemical endpoints, and susceptibility of various areas of the chicken nervous system to delayed neuropathy induced by tri-orthocresyl phosphate (TOCP) was assessed. Groups of hens were exposed to a single oral dose of TOCP of 0, 50, 200 or 500 mg/kg and the animals observed for 2...
journal_title：Neurotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
